Gendre Stereotyping :: essays research papers

In the year 2000, the average person is spending more of his/her leisure time watching television, or using their computer. The shows on TV and the information available to us available through all types of media influence our decision process. An individuals perception of the world is ever-changing as he/she recieves more and more information. Although being informed is good, it can be very dangerous. TV influences every aspect of our lives; our life style, what we wear, how we look, and how we act. Children are more susceptible to the influence of television compared to adults. This is true because of a lack of maturity. Children often identify with a popular movie or television character although both adults and children are influenced by television. Information acquired through all media can be destructive. We know information can be harmful when we use the terms "tomboy" and "sissy". These terms automatically make the accused party an outcast. The term "tomboy" is used when referring to a girl who may seem slightly masculine, whereas the term "sissy" is used to describe a boy whe may seem slightly feminine. The socially accepted despcription of what it is to be masculine is to be strong, to be able to support a family, and to have high stamina. On the other hand, what it is to be feminine is to be a loving mother, and to stay home with their kids. Men and women have very specific and very different dress codes. Men must where suits and women must wear dresses. Men must stay away from feminine colours such as purple and pink. Whoever crosses the gendre based lines may be made fun of or shunned by others. We are not only trying to fit in the gendre molds ourselves, but also tend to pass them on to our own children. We attempt to protect them from being shunned by society by setting the mold for them as well. The key differences between men and women seem to have been existing since the beginning of time. This is because from birth, a boy is dressed in blue and a girl wears pink. Children even have much different toys. Boys play with trucks and violence oreinted toys, and girls play with dolls. Since men and women are conditioned to be different from birth, it is not surprising that there is a huge gender gap. Gender gaps are common in sports, because sports are traditionally regarded as masculine activities.

The Golden Lily Chapter 2

I DIDN'T SLEEP THAT NIGHT. Part of it was simply the time change. My flight back to Palm Springs was scheduled for six in the morning – which was three in the morning in the time zone my body still thought it was in. Sleeping seemed pointless. And, of course, there was the teeny-tiny fact that it was kind of hard to relax after everything I'd witnessed over at the Alchemist bunker. If I wasn't envisioning Liam's freaky eyes, then I was replaying the constant warnings I'd heard about those who got too close to vampires. It didn't help the situation that I had an inbox full of messages from the gang in Palm Springs. Normally, I checked my e-mail automatically on my phone when I was out and about. Now, in my hotel room, staring at the various messages, I found myself filled with doubt. Were these truly professional? Were they too friendly? Did they blur the lines of Alchemist protocol? After seeing what had happened to Keith, it was more obvious than ever that it didn't take much to get in trouble with my organization. One message was from Jill, with a subject line reading: Angeline†¦ sigh. This wasn't a surprise to me, and I didn't bother reading it yet. Angeline Dawes, a dhampir recruited to be Jill's roommate and provide an extra layer of security, had had a little trouble fitting into Amberwood. She was always in trouble for something, and I knew whatever it was this time, there was nothing I could do about it right now. Another message was from Angeline herself. I also didn't read it. The subject was: READ THIS! SO FUNNY! Angeline had only recently discovered e-mail. She had not, so it seemed, discovered how to turn off the caps-lock key. She also had no discrimination when it came to forwarding jokes, financial scams, or virus warnings. And speaking of that last one†¦ we'd had to finally install child protection software on her laptop, in order to block her from certain websites and ads. That had come after she'd accidentally downloaded four viruses. It was the last e-mail in my inbox that gave me pause. It was from Adrian Ivashkov, the only person in our group who wasn't posing as a student at Amberwood Preparatory School. Adrian was a twenty-one-year-old Moroi, so it would have been kind of a stretch passing him off in high school. Adrian was along because he and Jill had a psychic bond that had been inadvertently created when he'd used his magic to save her life. All Moroi wielded some type of elemental magic, and his was spirit – a mysterious element tied to the mind and healing. The bond allowed Jill to see Adrian's thoughts and emotions, which was troubling to both of them. His staying near her helped them work out some of the bond's kinks. Also, Adrian had nothing better to do. His message's subject was: SEND HELP IMMEDIATELY. Unlike Angeline, Adrian knew the rules of capitalization and was simply going for dramatic effect. I also knew that if I had any doubts about which of my messages related to my job, this was hands-down the most nonprofessional one in the set. Adrian wasn't my responsibility. Yet, I clicked the message anyway. Day 24. Situation is growing worse. My captors continue to find new and horrific ways to torture me. When not working, Agent Scarlet spends her days examining fabric swatches for bridesmaid dresses and going on about how in love she is. This usually causes Agent Boring Borscht to regale us with stories of Russian weddings that are even more boring than his usual ones. My attempts at escape have been thwarted thus far. Also, I am out of cigarettes. Any assistance or tobacco products you can send will be greatly appreciated. – Prisoner 24601 I began smiling in spite of myself. Adrian sent me some kind of message like this nearly every day. This summer, we had learned that those who were forcibly turned Strigoi could be turned back with the use of spirit. It was still a tricky, complicated process†¦ made more so by the fact that there were so few spirit users. Even more recent events had suggested that those restored from being Strigoi could never be turned again. That had electrified Alchemists and Moroi alike. If there was some magical way to prevent Strigoi conversion, freaks like Liam would no longer be a problem. That was where Sonya Karp and Dimitri Belikov came in – or, as Adrian called them in his angst-filled letters, â€Å"Agent Scarlet† and â€Å"Agent Boring Borscht.† Sonya was a Moroi; Dimitri was a dhampir. Both had once been Strigoi and had been saved by spirit magic. The two of them had come to Palm Springs last month to work with Adrian in a sort of think tank to figure out what might protect against Strigoi turning. It was an extremely important task, one that could have huge ramifications if successful. Sonya and Dimitri were some of the hardest working people I knew – which didn't always mesh with Adrian's style. A lot of their work involved slow, painstaking experiments – many involving Eddie Castile, a dhampir who was also undercover at Amberwood. He was serving as the control subject since, unlike Dimitri, Eddie was a dhampir untouched by spirit or a Strigoi history. There wasn't much I could do to help Adrian with his frustration over his research group – and he knew it. He just liked playing up the drama and venting to me. Mindful of what was essential and nonessential in the Alchemist world, I was on the verge of deleting the message, but†¦ One thing made me hesitate. Adrian had signed his e-mail with a reference to Victor Hugo's Les Miserables. It was a book about the French Revolution that was so thick, it could easily double as a weapon. I had read it in both French and English. Considering Adrian had once gotten bored while reading a particularly long menu, I had a hard time imagining he'd read the Hugo book in any language. So how did he know the reference? It doesn't matter, Sydney, a stern Alchemist voice said inside my head. Delete it. It's irrelevant. Adrian's literary knowledge (or lack thereof) is no concern of yours. But I couldn't do it. I had to know. This was the kind of detail that would drive me crazy. I wrote back with a quick message: How do you know about 24601? I refuse to believe you read the book. You saw the musical, right? I hit send and received a response back from him almost immediately: SparkNotes. Typical. I laughed out loud and immediately felt guilty. I shouldn't have responded. This was my personal e-mail account, but if the Alchemists ever felt the need to investigate me, they'd have no qualms about accessing it. This kind of thing was damning, and I deleted the e-mail exchange – not that it mattered. No data was ever truly lost. By the time I landed in Palm Springs at seven the next morning, it was painfully obvious that I had surpassed my body's limits to subsist on caffeine. I was too exhausted. No amount of coffee would help anymore. I nearly fell asleep at the airport's curb, waiting for my ride. When it arrived, I didn't notice until I heard my name called. Dimitri Belikov jumped out of a blue rental car and strode toward me, grabbing hold of my suitcase before I could utter a word. A few nearby women stopped talking to stare at him admiringly. I got to my feet. â€Å"You don't have to do that,† I said, even though he was already loading my suitcase into the trunk. â€Å"Of course I do,† he said, his words lightly touched with a Russian accent. He gave me a small smile. â€Å"You looked like you were asleep.† â€Å"I should be so lucky,† I said, getting into the passenger side. Even if I'd been wide awake, I knew Dimitri would've taken my suitcase anyway. That's how he was, a lost remnant of chivalry in the modern world, ever-ready to help others. That was only one of the many striking things about Dimitri. His looks alone were certainly enough to make many halt in their tracks. He had dark brown hair pulled back into a short ponytail, with matching brown eyes that seemed mysterious and alluring. He was tall, too – about 67 – rivaling some Moroi. Dhampirs were indistinguishable from humans to me, so even I could admit that he scored pretty high on the attractiveness scale. There was also an energy around him that you couldn't help but be affected by. He was always on alert, always ready for the unexpected. I'd never seen his guard down. He was constantly ready to strike. He was dangerous, no question, and I was comforted that he was on our side. I always felt safe around him – and a little wary. â€Å"Thanks for the ride,† I added. â€Å"I could've called a taxi.† Even as I spoke, I knew my words were as useless as when I'd told him he didn't need to help me with my bag. â€Å"It's no problem,† he assured me, driving toward suburban Palm Springs. He wiped sweat off his brow and somehow made that look attractive. Even this early in the morning, the heat was beginning to build. â€Å"Sonya insisted. Besides, no experiments today.† I frowned at that. Those experiments and the amazing potential they represented to prevent the creation of more Strigoi were vastly important. Dimitri and Sonya knew that and were dedicated to the cause – especially on weekends, when Adrian and Eddie didn't have classes – which made this news so puzzling. My own work ethic had a hard time understanding why there'd be no research happening on a Sunday. â€Å"Adrian?† I guessed. Maybe he wasn't â€Å"in the mood† for research today. â€Å"Partially,† said Dimitri. â€Å"We're also missing our control subject. Eddie said he had some conflict and couldn't make it.† My frown deepened. â€Å"What conflict could Eddie have?† Eddie was intensely dedicated too. Adrian sometimes called him mini-Dimitri. Although Eddie was going to high school and completing assignments just like me, I knew he'd drop any homework in an instant to help out with the greater good. I could think of only one thing that would take precedence over helping find a â€Å"cure† for being Strigoi. My heart suddenly raced. â€Å"Is Jill okay?† She had to be. Someone would have told me, right? Eddie's main purpose in Palm Springs – and mine – was to keep her safe. If she was in danger, it would trump everything else. â€Å"She's fine,† said Dimitri. â€Å"I talked to her this morning. I'm not sure what's going on, but Eddie wouldn't be away without good reason.† â€Å"I suppose not,† I murmured, still concerned. â€Å"You worry as much as me,† teased Dimitri. â€Å"I didn't think that was possible.† â€Å"It's my job to worry. I always have to make sure everyone's okay.† â€Å"Sometimes it's not a bad thing to make sure you're okay too. You might find it actually helps others.† I scoffed. â€Å"Rose always joked about your ‘Zen Master Wisdom.' Am I getting a taste of it? If so, I can see why she was helpless against your charms.† This earned me one of Dimitri's rare, genuine laughs. â€Å"I think so. If you ask her, she'll claim it was the staking and decapitation. But I'm sure it was the Zen wisdom that won her in the end.† My answering smile immediately melted into a yawn. It was amazing that I could joke with a dhampir. I used to have panic attacks being in the same room with them or Moroi. Slowly, over the last six months, my anxiety had begun to ease up. I'd never shake the feeling of â€Å"otherness† I got from all of them, but I'd come a long way. Part of me knew it was a good thing that I still drew that line between them and humans, but it was also good to be flexible in order to make my job smoother. Not too flexible, that inner Alchemist voice warned. â€Å"Here we are,† said Dimitri, pulling up in front of my dorm at Amberwood Prep. If he'd noticed my shift in mood, he didn't say so. â€Å"You should get some rest.† â€Å"I'll try,† I said. â€Å"But I need to find out what's going on with Eddie first.† Dimitri's face turned all-business. â€Å"If you can find him, you should bring him over tonight, and we can see about getting a little work done. Sonya would love it. She has some new ideas.† I nodded, reminding myself that that was the kind of standard we needed to adhere to. Work, work, work. We had to remember our higher goals. â€Å"I'll see what I can do.† I thanked him again and then headed inside, filled with resolve to carry out my mission. So, it was a bit disappointing when my lofty goals were shattered so quickly. â€Å"Miss Melrose?† I turned immediately at the sound of the last name I'd assumed here at Amberwood. Mrs. Weathers, our plump, elderly dorm matron, was hurrying over to me. Her face was lined with worry, which couldn't bode well. â€Å"I'm so glad you're back,† she said. â€Å"I trust you had a good family visit?† â€Å"Yes, ma'am.† If by â€Å"good,† she meant â€Å"terrifying and unsettling.† Mrs. Weathers beckoned me over to her desk. â€Å"I need to talk to you about your cousin.† I held back a grimace as I recalled Jill's e-mail. Cousin Angeline. All of us attending Amberwood were doing so under fake family connections. Jill and Eddie were my siblings. Angeline was our cousin. It helped explain why we were always together and getting involved with each other's business. I sat down with Mrs. Weathers and thought longingly of my bed. â€Å"What's happened?† I asked. Mrs. Weathers sighed. â€Å"Your cousin is having trouble with our dress code.† That was a surprise. â€Å"But we have uniforms, ma'am.† â€Å"Of course,† she said. â€Å"But not outside of classes.† That was true. I was in khaki dress pants and a green short-sleeved blouse, along with a small gold cross I always wore. I did a mental rundown of Angeline's wardrobe, trying to recall if I'd ever seen anything concerning about it. Probably the most appalling part was its quality. Angeline had come from the Keepers, a mixed community of humans, Moroi, and dhampirs who lived in the Appalachian Mountains. Along with a lack of electricity and plumbing, the Keepers chose to make a lot of their clothing or at least wear it into threads. â€Å"Friday night, I saw her wearing the most appallingly short jean shorts,† continued Mrs. Weathers with a shudder. â€Å"I immediately chastised her, and she told me they were the only way she could be comfortable in the heat outside. I gave her a warning and advised she find more appropriate attire. Saturday, she appeared in the same shorts and a tank top that was totally indecent. That was when I suspended her to the dorm for the rest of the weekend.† â€Å"I'm sorry, ma'am,† I said. Really, I had no idea what else to say. I'd spent the weekend caught up in the epic battle to save humanity, and now†¦ jean shorts? Mrs. Weathers grew hesitant. â€Å"I know†¦ well, I know this isn't really anything you should be involved in. It's a parental matter. But, seeing as how you're so responsible and look out for the rest of your family†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I sighed. â€Å"Yes, ma'am. I'll take care of it. Thank you for not taking more severe action against her.† I went upstairs, my small suitcase growing heavier with each step. When I reached the second floor, I stopped, unsure what to do. One more floor would take me to my room. This floor would take me to â€Å"Cousin Angeline.† Reluctantly, I turned into the second floor hall, knowing the sooner this was dealt with, the better. â€Å"Sydney!† Jill Mastrano opened the dorm room's door, her light green eyes shining with joy. â€Å"You're back.† â€Å"So it seems,† I said, following her inside. Angeline was there as well, lounging on her bed with a textbook. I was pretty sure that was the first time I'd ever seen her study, but the house arrest probably limited her recreational options. â€Å"What did the Alchemists want?† asked Jill. She sat cross-legged on her own bed and began absentmindedly playing with the strands of her curly, light brown hair. I shrugged. â€Å"Paperwork. Boring stuff. Sounds like things were a little more exciting here.† That was delivered with a pointed look at Angeline. The dhampir girl jumped off her bed, face furious and blue eyes flashing. â€Å"It wasn't my fault! That Weathers woman was completely out of line!† she exclaimed, a slight southern drawl in her words. A quick scan of Angeline showed nothing too concerning. Her jeans were threadbare but decent, as was her T-shirt. Even her mop of strawberry blonde hair was tame for a change, tied back in a ponytail. â€Å"What on earth did you wear that got her so upset then?† I asked. Scowling, Angeline went to her dresser and produced a pair of jean shorts with the most ragged hem I'd ever seen. I thought they'd unravel before my eyes. They were also so short that I wouldn't have been surprised if they showed underwear when she wore them. â€Å"Where did you get those?† Angeline almost looked proud. â€Å"I made them.† â€Å"With what, a hacksaw?† â€Å"I had two pairs of jeans,† she said pragmatically. â€Å"It was so hot out, I figured I might as well turn one into shorts.† â€Å"She used a knife from the cafeteria,† said Jill helpfully. â€Å"Couldn't find the scissors,† explained Angeline. My bed. Where was my bed? â€Å"Mrs. Weathers mentioned something about an indecent shirt too,† I said. â€Å"Oh,† said Jill. â€Å"That was mine.† I felt my eyebrows rise. â€Å"What? I know you don't own anything ‘indecent.†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Before Angeline had come along a month ago, Jill and I had been roommates. â€Å"It's not,† agreed Jill. â€Å"Except, it's not really Angeline's size.† I glanced between the two girls and understood. Jill was tall and slim, like most Moroi, with a figure much coveted among human fashion designers, a figure I would've killed to have. Jill had even done some modeling. With that figure came a modest chest. Angeline's chest†¦ was not so modest. If she wore a tank top in Jill's size, I imagined the shirt's structural integrity would indeed be stretched to indecent limits. â€Å"Jill wears that tank top all the time and doesn't get in trouble,† said Angeline defensively. â€Å"I figured there wouldn't be a problem if I borrowed it.† My head was starting to hurt. Still, I supposed this was better than the time Angeline had been caught making out with a guy in the boys' bathroom. â€Å"Well. This is easily fixed. We can go – well, I can go since you're stuck here – and get you some clothes in your size tonight.† â€Å"Oh,† Angeline said, suddenly turning more upbeat, â€Å"you don't have to. Eddie's handling it.† If not for Jill nodding along, I would've thought it was a joke. â€Å"Eddie? Eddie's buying you clothes?† Angeline sighed happily. â€Å"Isn't that nice of him?† Nice? No, but I understood why Eddie would do it. Getting decent clothes for Angeline was the last thing he probably wanted to do, but he would do it. Like me, he understood duty. And now I could guess why Eddie had canceled the experiments – and been vague about his reasons for doing so. I immediately took out my cell phone and called him. He answered right away, like always. I was certain he was never more than three feet from his phone at all times. â€Å"Hello, Sydney. Glad you're back.† He paused. â€Å"You are back, right?† â€Å"Yeah, I'm with Jill and Angeline. I understand you've been doing some shopping.† He groaned. â€Å"Don't get me started. I just walked into my room.† â€Å"You want to swing by with your purchases? I need the car back anyway.† There was a moment's hesitation. â€Å"Would you mind coming over here? As long as Jill's okay. She is okay, right? She doesn't need me? Because if she does – â€Å" â€Å"She's fine.† His dorm wasn't far, but I'd been hoping for a quick nap. Nonetheless, I found myself agreeing, just like I always did. â€Å"Okay. I'll meet you in the lobby in about fifteen minutes?† â€Å"Sounds good. Thanks, Sydney.† As soon as I disconnected, Angeline asked excitedly, â€Å"Is Eddie coming over?† â€Å"I'm going to him,† I said. Her face fell. â€Å"Oh. Well, I guess it doesn't matter since I have to stay here anyway. I can't wait until I'm free to train again. I'd like to get some more one-on-one time with him.† I hadn't realized how focused Angeline was on her training. In fact, she seemed really excited about the prospect of it. I left their room and was surprised to find Jill right behind me once the door shut. Her eyes were wide and anxious. â€Å"Sydney†¦ I'm sorry.† I regarded her curiously, wondering now if she'd done something. â€Å"For what?† She gestured toward the door. â€Å"For Angeline. I should have done better at keeping her out of trouble.† I almost smiled. â€Å"That's not your job.† â€Å"Yeah, I know†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She glanced down, letting some of her long hair fall forward. â€Å"But still. I know I should be more like you. Instead, I've just been†¦ you know. Having fun.† â€Å"You're entitled to it,† I said, trying to ignore the subtle commentary on me. â€Å"I should still be more responsible,† she argued. â€Å"You are responsible,† I assured her. â€Å"Especially compared to Angeline.† My family had a cat back in Utah that I was pretty sure was more responsible than Angeline. Jill's face brightened, and I left her so that I could return the suitcase to my room. Angeline's arrival and my work in busting Keith had earned me my own private room in the dorm, something I treasured. Inside it, everything was quiet and orderly. My perfect world. The one place that the chaos of my life couldn't touch. The neatly made bed was asking to be slept in. Begging, really. Soon, I promised it. I hope. Amberwood Prep was divided into three campuses, East (where the girls were housed), West (where the boys were), and Central (containing all the academic buildings). A shuttle bus ran between them on a regular schedule, or brave souls could walk between them in the heat. I usually didn't mind the temperatures, but walking seemed like a lot of work today. So, I took the shuttle to West Campus and tried to stay awake. The lobby of the boys' dorm was a lot like my own, people coming and going to either catch up on academic work or simply enjoy the Sunday off. I glanced around, but Eddie wasn't here yet. â€Å"Hey, Melbourne.† I turned and found Trey Juarez approaching, a grin on his tanned face. He was a senior like me and had picked up the Melbourne nickname after one of our teachers proved incapable of remembering Melrose. Honestly, with all these names, it was a wonder I knew who I was anymore. â€Å"Hey, Trey,† I said. Trey was a bona fide high school football star – but also pretty brainy, no matter how much he tried to hide it. We got along well as a result, and my help in restoring his athletic status last month had gone a long way to raise my stock in his eyes. A backpack hung on one of his shoulders. â€Å"Are you finally going to finish that chem lab write-up?† â€Å"Yup,† he said. â€Å"Me and half the cheerleading squad. You want to join us?† I rolled my eyes. â€Å"Somehow I doubt there'll be much work going on. Besides, I'm meeting Eddie.† Trey gave an easy shrug and brushed some unruly black hair out of his eyes. â€Å"Your loss. See you tomorrow.† He took a couple of steps and then glanced back at me. â€Å"Hey, are you dating anyone?† I immediately started to say no, and then a panicked thought occurred to me. I had a tendency to take things very literally. Friends of mine here, Kristin and Julia, had been trying to train me up in the subtleties of high school social life. One of their chief lessons was that what people said wasn't always what they meant – particularly in romantic matters. â€Å"Are you†¦ are you asking me out?† I asked, taken aback. This was the last thing I needed right now. How should I respond? Should I say yes? Should I say no? I'd had no idea helping him with chemistry homework would be so alluring. I should've made him do it on his own. Trey looked as startled by the thought as I was. â€Å"What? No. Of course not.† â€Å"Thank God,† I said. I liked Trey, but I had no interest in dating him – or figuring out what the appropriate way to say â€Å"no† would be. He shot me a wry look. â€Å"You don't have to look that relieved.† â€Å"Sorry,† I said, trying to mask my embarrassment. â€Å"Why'd you ask?† â€Å"Because I know the perfect guy for you. I'm pretty sure he's your soul mate.† We were back in familiar territory now: logic vs. lack of logic. â€Å"I don't believe in soul mates,† I said. â€Å"It's statistically unreasonable that there's only one ideal person for everyone in the world.† And yet, for half a moment, I wished it was kind of possible. It'd be nice to have someone who understood some of the things that went on in my head. Trey rolled his eyes. â€Å"Okay. Not a soul mate. How about just someone you could maybe go out with once in a while and have a nice time with?† I shook my head. â€Å"I don't have time for anything like that.† And I didn't. Keeping everything in order with the group, and pretending to be a student, was a full time job as it was. â€Å"I'm telling you, you'd like him. He goes to a public school and just started at Spencer's.† Spencer's was a coffee shop Trey worked at, an arrangement that yielded me discounts. â€Å"The other day, he was going off on unaerobic vs. aerobic respiration, and I was thinking, ‘You know who this sounds like? Melbourne.'† â€Å"It's anaerobic respiration,† I corrected. â€Å"And it still doesn't mean I have the time. Sorry.† I had to admit, I was immensely curious about how that topic would have come up between baristas, but figured it was best not to encourage Trey. â€Å"Okay,† he said. â€Å"Don't say I never tried to help you.† â€Å"Wouldn't dream of it,† I assured him. â€Å"Hey, there's Eddie.† â€Å"My cue to go then. See you guys.† Trey gave a mock salute to Eddie and me. â€Å"Don't forget my offer if you want a hot date, Melbourne.† Trey left, and Eddie shot me an astonished look. â€Å"Did Trey just ask you out?† â€Å"No. He's just got some co-worker he wants to set me up with.† â€Å"Maybe that's not a bad idea.† â€Å"It's a terrible idea. Let's go outside.† The desert heat didn't seem to care that it was October, and I led us to a bench right by the dorm's stucco walls. Partial shade from some nearby palm trees offered mild relief. People swore the temperature would taper soon, but I'd seen no sign of change. Eddie handed me my car keys and a shopping bag from a local superstore. â€Å"I had to guess at size,† he told me. â€Å"When in doubt, I went big. Figured it was safer that way.† â€Å"Probably.† I sat down on a bench and rifled through his purchases. Jeans, khakis, a few solid colored T-shirts. They were very practical, very much something a no-nonsense guy like Eddie would pick out. I approved. â€Å"The size actually looks right. Good eye. We'll have to send you out shopping more often.† â€Å"If that's what I have to do,† he said, face serious. I couldn't help but laugh in surprise. â€Å"I was joking.† I put the shirts back in the bag. â€Å"I know that couldn't have been fun.† Eddie's face gave nothing away. â€Å"Oh, come on. It's okay. You don't have to play stoic with me. I know you didn't enjoy it.† â€Å"I'm here to do a job. Doesn't matter if I enjoy it or not.† I started to protest but then thought better of it. After all, wasn't that my philosophy too? Sacrificing my own wants for higher goals? Eddie was intensely dedicated to this mission. He never backed down. I expected nothing less from him than single-minded focus. â€Å"So, does that mean you're up for some experiments tonight?† I asked. â€Å"Of cours – † He stopped and reconsidered. â€Å"Are Jill and Angeline coming?† â€Å"No. Angeline's still under house arrest.† â€Å"Thank God,† he said with visible relief. His reaction was probably the most surprising thing to happen today. I couldn't imagine why Eddie would look so relieved. Aside from his guardian loyalty to Jill, he was also crazy about her. He would've done anything for her, even if it wasn't his job, but refused to share his feelings with her. He thought he was unworthy of a princess. An uneasy thought occurred to me. â€Å"Are you†¦ are you avoiding Jill because of her and Micah?† Micah was Eddie's roommate, a nice guy who caused Eddie all sorts of therapy-worthy trauma because he bore so much similarity to Eddie's dead best friend, Mason. Micah also had a weird pseudo-dating relationship with Jill. None of us were happy about it, since (aside from the Keepers) humans dating Moroi or dhampirs was strictly taboo. We'd finally decided it would be impossible to keep Jill from a social life, and she swore nothing serious or physical was going on between her and Micah. They just spent a lot of time together. And flirted incessantly. He didn't know the truth about her, but I wondered at what point he'd want more from their relationship. Eddie kept insisting it was better for Jill to have a casual relationship with a human than one with an â€Å"unworthy† dhampir like him, but I knew it had to be torturous. â€Å"Of course not,† said Eddie sharply. â€Å"It's not Jill I want to avoid. It's Angeline.† â€Å"Angeline? What's she done now?† Eddie ran a hand through his hair in frustration. His was a sandy blond, not far from my own, which was a dark gold. The similarity made it easy to pass ourselves off as twins. â€Å"She won't leave me alone! She's always dropping these suggestive comments when I'm around†¦ and she won't stop staring at me. Like, you wouldn't think that'd be creepy, but it is. She's always watching. And I can't avoid her because she's with Jill a lot of the time, and I have to keep Jill safe.† I thought back on recent interactions. â€Å"Are you sure you're reading this right? I've never noticed anything.† â€Å"That's because you don't notice that kind of thing,† he said. â€Å"You cannot imagine how many excuses she finds to rub up against me.† After seeing her homemade jean shorts, I actually could imagine it. â€Å"Huh. Well, maybe I can talk to her.† Like that, Eddie snapped back to all-business. â€Å"No. It's my problem, my personal life. I'll deal with it.† â€Å"Are you sure? Because I can – â€Å" â€Å"Sydney,† he said gently. â€Å"You're the most responsible person I know, but this isn't what you're here to do. You don't have to take care of everything and everyone.† â€Å"I don't mind,† I said automatically. â€Å"It is what I'm here for.† But even as I said it, I wondered if that was true. A bit of the anxiety from the bunker returned, making me question if what I did was truly Alchemist responsibility or the desire to help those who – against protocol – had become my friends. â€Å"See? Now you sound just like I did earlier.† He stood up and flashed me a grin. â€Å"You want to come with me to Adrian's? Be responsible together?† His words were meant as a compliment, but they echoed too close to what the Alchemists had told me. And Mrs. Weathers. And Jill. Everyone thought I was so amazing, so responsible and controlled. But if I was so amazing, then why was I always so unsure if I was doing the right thing?

Human Trafficking Narrative Essay - 1855 Words

March 11, 2012 Lives Ruined in Traffic Niculae GAMENÃ… ¢-ANTONIU mentions a young 19 year old young women, who lived in Serbia, was without a job in a poor economical situation. She was living with her father, who was an abusive alcoholic. After being abused enough by her father, she decided to start searching for a job not only in her hometown , but also in its surrounding areas. She applied for a waitress job, earned the job and moved to the new town. The owner never paid her the settled salary, treated her in a very unprofessional manner and sexually harassed her. Under these conditions she trusted a close friend who was a man (she would eventually find out he was her boss’ friend) who offered her a job in a well known Italian resort,†¦show more content†¦Even though condoms are used during sexual exploitation the young women are still in danger. BoÃ… ¾idar Banovic explains that the use of condoms provides false safety regarding AIDS transmission, and leads to other sexually transmitted diseases and vi ruses such as: Chlamydia infection, condilomi (genital warts), genital herpes as well as urinarz tract infections, scabies (Sarcoptes scabies), lice (Pediculosis pubis), gonorrhea, syphilis, hepatitis A, B, and C. Condilomi is caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV). ÃŽâ€"ÃŽ ¡V condiloma causes cervical cancer in women and treatment must be initiated straight after detection. ÃŽâ€"ÃŽ ¡V is commonly transmitted through sexual contact, regardless of regular contact, anal or oral sex. It can also appear even if the condom is used, as a partner could be a carrier of the virus, without any visible symptoms. The touch of infected skin or contact of body liquids during sexual contact is sufficient to get infected. Statistics provided by the US Centers for Prevention and Disease Control, state that at least 20 million people in the US suffer from HPV. Estimations indicate that around 80% of sexually active population has some form of this virus. In Croatia, it is estimated that about 60% of sexually active women is infected. In Serbia, there are no valid statistics but it is expected that the numbers do not significantly differ (95). The young women would be forced to have sex up to 25Show MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Legalizing Sex Work2819 Words   |  12 Pagesis the primary focus.? (McNeill, par. 2). For this essay we will investigate Sweden, Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom?s legislation pertaining to sex work. We will examine the implications of legalizing, decriminalizing, outlawing, and how people within activist groups appeal to morals, claim that prostitution and human trafficking are tied and how decriminalizing prostitution is claimed to be a key factor in sex trafficking. We will look deeper into those who fight for what theyRead MoreEasy Rider and the Phenomenon of the 1960s Counterculture Teenpic3130 Words   |  13 PagesIn the following essay, I will attempt to highlight the phenomenon in cinema known as the counterculture youth-pic. This trend in production started in the late 1960s as a result of the economic and cultural influences on the film industry of that time. The following essay looks at how those influences helped to shape a new genre in the film industry, sighting Easy Rider as a main example, and suggests some possible reasons for the relatively short popularity of the genre. The standardRead MoreCounter-Culture Youth Pic Essay3079 Words   |  13 Pages In the following essay, I will attempt to highlight the phenomenon in cinema known as the â€Å"counterculture youth-pic.† This trend in production started in the late 1960’s as a result of the economic and cultural influences on the film industry of that time. The following essay looks at how those influences helped to shape a new genre in the film industry, sighting Easy Rider as a main example, and suggests some possible reasons for the relatively short popularity of the genre. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;â€Å"TheRead More Ethical Tourism in the Postcolonial Era Essay1822 Words   |  8 PagesThrough these representations the expectations of travel are high, leading tourists to a self-fulfilling prophecy of their travel agenda (Bandyopadhyay, 934). 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I follow schol ars such as Daniel Pecaut (1992, 2001, 2004), Gonzalo Sanchez (1992, 1999), Marco Palacios (1999, 2000), and a 2004 Human Development Report by the United Nations Development Program on Colombia toRead MoreEssay about Slavery in Africa, Europe, and Jamaica6041 Words   |  25 PagesWest Coast Africa, including human cargo. Those persons who were captured were auctioned to other Europeans in Western Africa, and then shipped to European colonial lands including Jamaica. The slaves were then put to work on a plantation-based colony, whose goods were sent back to its mother country. The triangular system perpetuated the demand for slaves by Europeans in order to increase their country’s wealth. Throughout all of the shipping of goods, including human cargo, individual people wereRead MoreArticle Review of RJS Cadenas Capturing the Cali Cartel: Selections from Jaque Mate2602 Words   |  10 Pageswork is the most important point because this is where the author will either gain or lose the attention of his reader. If the start is interesting the reader is more likely to read the article or essay till the very ebd. Cadena starts the article or approaches the topic in a very interesting narrative style. She begins with an anecdote about the arrest of the youngest Rodriguez of the Cali Cartel, Jorge Eliecer, at the hans of the Columbian Police. Even more importantly, she adds to the appeal ofRead MoreA Postmodernist/Posthumanist Reading of Kazuo Ishiguro’s, Never Let Me Go Using Fredric Jameson’s Theory of Postmodernism and Late Capitalism.4659 Words   |  19 PagesLate Capitalism. 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Illicit sex and unwanted pregnancies were also an indication of the decline of moral standards. Abuse of alcohol among adolescents was at its highest level. Finally, 3 the lack of respect of authority was prevalent. As a result of

Safety for Women - 3738 Words

Safety Issues for Women Traveling Solo Stay Safe But Don’t Stay Home By Zahara Heckscher Zaraha Heckscher(left) with a Musonda friend in Zambia from Safety Issues for Women Traveling Solo: Stay Safe But Don’t Stay Home. Women are frequently warned about independent international travel. Unfortunately, it is true that women are much more likely than men to be the victims of sexual harassment and sexual assault. In virtually every country I have visited I heard from female travelers and volunteers who had been subjected to frequent come-ons, unwanted touching, or inappropriate comments, in the words of one Peace Corps volunteer. Harassment and assault range from verbal harassment, to crude propositions, to groping (especially by men in†¦show more content†¦(In India, a toe ring on your second toe means you’re not available.) Many volunteers learn strategies from local women. In Mexico, for example, women often sit together, even if they don’t know each other. Other tips, in the words of previous travelers, include: †¢ Be careful about letting your guard down while on vacation. †¢ Travel with a group at night. †¢ Before you leave home, talk to other women who have traveled in the countries you plan to visit. †¢ The in-country program director cautioned us against looking or staring at the men for too long at a time; this could be misinterpreted since the women in the local villages were taught not to make eye contact with the men. †¢ Be ready to give up some freedoms that you are used to at home. †¢ Females must take care with their dealings with any male older than 14 and younger than 75. I was often misunderstood at first and didn’t realize that plain speaking and looking at a man directly when speaking to him could be misinterpreted as flirting. I learned quickly to be very formal and to always involve several people in any conversation. †¢ Don’t be afraid to ask about the security situation where you are posted and find out about any prior in cidents that may have occurred in the area. †¢ When it comes to your life, you can’t be too cautious. No matter what you do or don’t do, remember that it is not your fault if you are assaulted. If you are raped or assaulted, it is mostShow MoreRelatedDrug Safety in Pregnant Women and Their Babies1979 Words   |  8 Pagesirreversible (Ford-Jones, Kellner, 1995). †¢ Tobacco There are three different ways in which a fetus can be exposed to smoke 1) if the mother smokes, 2) ingesting tobacco, and 3) second hand smoke. According to statistics a minimum of 10% of U.S. women smoke during pregnancy (Brent, Beckman, 1990). When a pregnant woman smokes she’s not only hurting herself and her baby but she is also putting the placenta at risk. Furthermore, when a pregnant woman smokes there is a high risk of the placenta notRead MoreHistory And Safety Regulations Of Ancient Egyptian Women1577 Words   |  7 Pagesnatural and necessary process that has been occurring since human beings can remember. Because of this necessary process, forms of sanitary protection have been concocted to meet the needs of women to care for themselves during their menstrual bleeding period. There have been numerous approaches used by women from all over the world and over the years. Of the numerous materials, used to collect and dispose of menstrual waste, two have remained mo st popular, the pad and the tampon. While many mightRead MoreGps, Gsm And Zapper Circuit Based Women Safety System1856 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract Women’s security is a critical issue in today’s world and it’s very much needed for every individual to be acting over such an issue. This paper describes a â€Å"GPS, GSM and Zapper Circuit based women safety system† that provides the combination of GPS device specialized to track the location as well as provide alerts and messages with an emergency button trigger. It also contains shock mechanism to produce non-lethal electric shock in emergency situation. 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The Duluth program is currently used in all 50 states and 7 countries (Gondolf, p. 992). Overall, the Duluth program has three main aspects: The Power and Control Wheel, The Dialogical Format, and the concentration on women andRead MoreThe Round House By Louise Erdrich1352 Words   |  6 Pagesinjustice led to the erosion of Indians’ rights, which has ultimately threatened their safety, especially wo men’s. In Louise Erdrich’s novel, The Round House, she indicates that understanding the lack of safety Native women face is vital in maintaining a civil community. Louise Erdrich reveals that physical and psychological safeties are essential aspects of society. Through her book, Erdrich expresses that safety should be a common law amongst society, no matter how difficult it may be to protectRead MoreTreatment Of Veterans With Suds And Co Occurring Psychiatric Disorders Essay1232 Words   |  5 Pageshad a goal of getting clinicians to accept Seeking Safety and evaluate its efficacy when treating veterans, in hopes of bridging the gap of parallel services at the VA to treat comorbid SUD-PTSD. This study reinforced the old ways of cannot teach an old dog new tricks because of how difficult it is to influence clinician behavior in routine medical care. A more passive approach was taken via a daylong interactive staff training in Seeking Safety, where clinicians were i nformally surveyed on theirRead MoreFactors Of Jaffna Cycling978 Words   |  4 PagesJaffna cyclists experiences cycling as something negative. From the Jaffna cyclists, 67% associated cycling with joy. 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The Ideals and Philosophies of William Edward Burghardt Du...

William Edward Burghardt Du Bois was born on February 23, 1868, in Massachusetts where he stayed to earn his Ph. D in History. Although growing up in the more tolerant North, Du Bois realized, at an early age, skin color will always be an issue. His dedication and love of learning empowered him with the feeling that through education it would one day be possible to breach the color line. His position as a Harvard graduate and his love for education meant that he was able to travel throughout the country to study exactly what the United States are even writing that he â€Å"touched the very shadow of slavery† (Monteiro 2010). He gained invaluable knowledge and with this he began to teach what he had learned. Immediately he began†¦show more content†¦Second, develop an intellectualist black culture. By doing these two things, African Americans would be able to slowly undo the scar of slavery that perforates American life. According to Du Bois, capitalism â€Å"i s doomed to self-destruction†¦.communism†¦.this is the only way of human life† (Monteiro 2010). He applauds the fact that capitalism has brought jobs to the African American Southern population; however, upon closer inspection, these jobs prevent their culture and influence from spreading. A typical black Southern worker could expect to work longer hours and receive less pay than their white counterparts. They were given the dirtier and more dangerous jobs as well. There was almost no room for promotions and they lived with the constant fear of being fired. Simply put, the rich, white elite have use capitalism create a new type of slavery: financial slavery which has been failing the Blackman. After writing â€Å"capitalists pay some workers enough to subsist on, but capitalists also pay many more workers less than what they need for survival,† (Rosenthal 2002) he determined the African American community would need to create its own system of ethnic bas ed communism. Communism, for the African Americans in the United States, would be the answer to capitalism’s failures and it would allow â€Å"blacks to start businesses and industries that would allow blacks to advance themselves economically† (Franceschi 2000). Du Bois did not argue for full scaleShow MoreRelatedEssay about W.e.b Du Bois1004 Words   |  5 Pages W.E.B Du Bois nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;quot;One ever feels his two-ness. An American, a Negro; two souls, two thoughts, two warring ideals in one dark body whose dogged strength alone keeps it from being torn asunder.quot; This was how William E. B. Du Bois described how it felt to be a Negro in the beginning of the twentieth century in his book The Souls of Black Folk. W.E.B. Du Bois, was a black editor, historian, sociologist, and a leader of the civil rights movement in the United StatesRead MoreReconstruction Failed For African Americans1112 Words   |  5 Pagestwentieth century, visionaries such as Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. DuBois, and Marcus Garvey recognized the urgent need for change. These great leaders were in agreement that action was required to uplift the African American race. However, their philosophies on how to approach it were vastly different. Born a slave on a Virginia farm, Booker Taliaferro Washington (1856-1915) rose to become one of the most influential African-American intellectuals of the late 19th century. He was nine years old whenRead MoreB. Du Bois1593 Words   |  7 Pagesforgotten name that is not brought up in these discussions is W.E.B. Du Bois. An author, speaker, teacher, protester, sociologist, historian, certainly a renaissance man in the truest sense of the phrase. As an author, many of his writings have been very influential, from the time they were released and still to this day. As a speaker, Du Bois was often outspoken and made it a point to be clear where he stood on an issue. Du Bois the teacher was a very intelligent man who was growing into his viewsRead MoreEssay on Comparing W.E.B. DuBois and Booker T. Washington1350 Words   |  6 Pages W. E. B. Du Bois and Booker T Washington had very different views about their culture and country. Du Bois, being born in the North and studying in Europe, was fascinated with the idea of Socialism and Communism. Booker T Washington, on the other hand, was born in the South, and like so many others, had a Black mother and a White father. Thus being born half-white, his views and ideas were sometimes not in the best interest of his people. William Edward Burghardt Du Bois was born on FebruaryRead MoreSociology : A Sociological Perspective1292 Words   |  6 PagesTheological Stage This stage is when the religion is dominate Metaphysical Stage This stage is when abstract speculative thinking is most prominent Positivist Stage This stage is the scientific stage Comte- Major Works 6 volume course of Positive Philosophy (1830-1842) Comte argued how society operated by its own set of laws. System of positive Polity (1851-1854) Religion of Humanity(1856) Who is Karl Marx Born: May 5, 1818 in Trier, Prussia Death: March 14, 1883 due to cancer Became the editorRead MoreEssay William Edward Burghardt Du Bois or W.E.B. Du Bois3534 Words   |  15 PagesWilliam Edward Burghardt Du Bois or W.E.B. Du Bois William Edward Burghardt Du Bois – known simply as W.E.B. – was 83 when the government indicted him as a foreign agent in 1951. The only crime he had committed, however, was circulating the Stockholm Appeal, which said any government to use an atomic weapon against another country should be treated as a war criminal. After spending six months in disgrace and paying $35,150 for his defense, the government dismissed its case against him. TheRead More Invisable Man - Black Leaders Essay2124 Words   |  9 Pagesadvancement. A man who strayed more on the middle path was W.E.B. Du Bois. He was less militant than Marcus Garvey but was more so than Booker T. Washington. Ellison uses characters from the novel to represent these men. Marcus Garvey is fictionalized as Ras the Exhorter. Booker T. Washington is given voice by the Reverend Barbee. W.E.B. Du Bois is never directly mentioned in the novel. However, the actions and thoughts of W.E.B. Du Bois are very similar to that of the narrator. While all three men wereRead MoreW.E.B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington2991 Words   |  12 Pagestwentieth-century African-American thought, Du Bois was the inspiration for the literary movement known as the Harlem Renaissance. As a co-founder of the NAACP and the long-time editor of its magazine The Crisis, Du Bois nurtured and promoted many young and talented African-Americans. Underlying his controversial notion of the talented tenth, was his belief that true integration will happen when selected blacks excel in the literature and the fine arts. William Edward Burghardt DuBois, to his admirers, was

System Security Essay Research Paper System Security free essay sample

System Security Essay, Research Paper System Security System security is the sum of protection against unanticipated events, which might do the system to neglect. The sum of security in a given system depends upon the value of the information contained within the system. As the information becomes more valuable, the sum of money spent on protecting the information besides increases. An illustration of this would be person maintaining their valuables in a place fire safe whereas a bank might maintain their valuables in a time-controlled vault. Data security is the protection of informations through exigency recovery programs and the controlling of terminal user privileges. This is the existent care of the informations itself. Through exigency recovery programs, informations is protected from natural catastrophes and hardware failures. An exigency recovery program should include a regular agenda for back-ups to be made of the system informations. It should besides let for big catastrophes sometimes referred to as Acts of t he Apostless of God. Recovery plans allow for these catastrophes by holding a back-up that is located off-site. This means that if the edifice collapsed in an temblor, there would still be a transcript of the system informations at a site that wasn t effected. Now to be truly effectual the back-ups have to be maintained on a regular basis. This manner there isn T excessively much lost informations when the back-up is restored as the chief system. The back-ups should be maintained at a certain regular agenda and several back-ups should be maintained. This allows for informations corruptness. If the information was corrupted before the last back-up was run so that back-up would besides incorporate the mistakes. By maintaining multiple back-ups, the system can be restored from a old back-up that hadn T had a opportunity to go corrupted yet. Another signifier of informations security is the commanding of user privileges. Operating systems such as Novel NetWare and Unix allow for the controlling of single us ers entree to files and directories. By leting merely authorised users entree to sensitive files, the system can be more to the full protected against malicious usage of the informations or from mistakes caused from incompetency. In commanding the users on a system attention should be taken in the assignment of watchwords. Passwords should incorporate letters and at least one figure or particular character. If at all possible, watchwords shouldn t be names or standard dictionary words. Passwords aren t effectual if they can be guessed in any little sum of clip. Last if there is any uncertainty on the security a watchword offers, alteration it frequently. This technique makes it much harder for an unauthorised user to derive entree more than one time. A system should besides be protected from out-side beginnings that needfully are non straight related to the users of the system. Protection from outside onslaughts is progressively more of import in our electronic commercialism communi ty. Any information transportation, which takes topographic point outside of a corporate web, is free game for whoever wants to seek and read it. Encryption Encryption is the reply that has been developed to protect information from eyes that were neer meant to see it. Codes and cyphers have been around for 100s of old ages. The secret decipherer ring is a authoritative illustration of a simple codification. Each missive of the alphabet is replaced by an beginning. In this scenario A would be C and B is replaced by D, and so on. This allows for the sending of an indecipherable message that can be decoded by the individual that knows the proper beginning. When a line of text is in normal clear signifier it is considered to be plaintext. Once plaintext is encrypted it becomes ciphertext. The ciphertext produced by present encoding criterions follows the same thought as the decipherer ring but the algorithms involved are much more complex. Now in today s universe a simple cypher couldn T protect sensitive informations with any step of existent security. There have come about several different attacks to how informations is encrypted. They by and large fall into two classs normal encoding and public-key encoding. In a standard encoding scheme the message is encrypted with a certain cardinal word that the receiving system of the message needs to cognize to decode the message. In public-key encoding the key used to code the message is different from the key used to decode the message. This scenario allows one of the keys to go public. In this manner the transmitter can code a message to his friend, utilizing the friends public-key, and there would be no demand for any other contact between them for the friend to read the message. This was a job with standard encoding because the channel used to direct the key to the receiver would hold to be unafraid otherwise there would be no ground to utilize encoding. It s interesting to observe that when utilizing public-key en coding to direct an encrypted message, the transmitter can t read his ain message once it has been encrypted. The lone individual who is able to read the message is the receiving system. Due to the fact that the receiving system is the lone 1 who knows the secret key needed to decode the message. DES or Data Encryption Standard is one of the popular computing machine encoding algorithms in usage today. It is an international criterion that has been around since the 1970 s. It was created to let different companies to make coding devices that would be able to work together. Another advantage of the Data Encryption Standard was that it was tested to be secure. The testing of the algorithm was accomplished by seeking to interrupt the codification with a great sum of resources. This algorithm passed the National Security Agencies proving procedure and they deemed it secure. DES has since been used for a figure of authorities communicating links and informations storage. Within the past decennary it has become portion of many commercial security applications. This type of encoding is a one cardinal signifier of encoding, which means the channel for the key has to be unafraid and that the same key is used for decoding. More applications are traveling towards the usage of RSA encoding. RSA was named utilizing the initials of its Godheads Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman. RSA is a public-key encoding algorithm. RSA gets its security from the trouble of factoring big Numberss. The public and private keys are maps of a brace of big ( 100 to 200 figures or even larger ) premier Numberss. Recovering the plaintext from the public-key and the ciphertext is conjectured to be tantamount to factoring the merchandise of the two primes. 1 An of import portion of RSA encoding is that the keys can besides be used to authenticate a message. The encrypted public-key can be used as a signature for the individual who sent the message. The most recent usage of encoding engineerings has been to protect concern minutess across the Internet. More to the point minutess through a World Wide Web based medium. SSL or Secure Sockets Layer is a protocol that was designed by Netscape to supply security during the transmittal of sensitive informations over the Internet. It uses the RSA encoding algorithm to protect informations that is transferred between the browser on your place Personal computer and the waiter of the Web site. The cardinal length for the encoding algorithm controls how strong or weak the codification is to interrupt and besides the velocity at which the codification can be decrypted with the key. If you of all time bought anything online you might hold noticed that it takes a small longer for the page to lade up when utilizing a unafraid connexion. Although SSL is reasonably unafraid som e step of cautiousness should be used when directing information across secure channels. The cardinal length for any waiter outside the U.S. and Canada is limited to 56 spots or less. The RSA algorithm is able to be broken at that degree. Within the boundary lines of the U.S. and Canada the cardinal size is limited to 128 spots. With adequate calculating power this is besides able to be broken but it would take much longer than a fifty-six spot cardinal. With encoding it frequently comes down to the velocity at which the algorithm works weighed against the length of clip the informations demands to be protected. I might non hold to online banking or stock trades over SSL but I might buy things with my recognition card. The sum of harm that person could make to you, by geting informations about you should be taken into history when carry oning minutess online. The whole ground that informations should be encrypted across webs is due to the fact that merely about any system decision maker can see informations that passes through his system. The Internet is merely a web of webs, and all along the way between you and the waiter you re pass oning with, there could be person listening. This eves-dropping on web traffic is by and large referred to as whiffing. When information is sent across the Internet it is broken down into cuttable pieces called packages. Now the packages each have the reference they re seeking to acquire to and the order in which they re supposed to be read in, encoded on them. Each single package will happen its ain manner between you and the web site you re surfing. If someplace along that line person makes a transcript of a package or two, of yours, they might be able to happen out information that you don t want them to cognize. This technique has been used to derive entree to systems by whiffing usernames and watchword s off the web. It has besides found some promotion in persons individualities being stolen and immense debts being run up on their recognition cards. Sniffing tools have been developed for the intents of debugging web constellations and such. There is ever traveling to be the ability for a malicious individual to have information that wasn T intended for them. Due to this ability, it reinforces the importance that strong encoding has on Internet commercialism and the importance that it will go on to hold into the hereafter. Firewalls Other than information that is going outside the corporate Intranet there isn T excessively much concern about web security. Many corporations are puting up filtrating routers or Unix hosts that filter the web traffic coming into their system. This method of filtrating web traffic is called a firewall. A firewall is a combination of hardware and package constituents that provide a choking coil point between a sure web and an untrusted web such as the In ternet. The firewall provides a certain degree of control as to what can travel between the two webs. 2 As sniffing can be used maliciously by an aggressor, it has besides started to go a tool used by corporations to supervise traffic flow across their webs. Corporations have been seeking to cut back on web surfboarding by employees and immaterial electronic mails. The entree to the Internet has been, counter productive to some employees. The firewall provides an first-class point for web monitoring to take topographic point. By supervising the web traffic the corporation can be certain that the employees aren t blowing clip or downloading anything that might be unsafe to the system. Recently there has been a panic about a macro virus named Melissa. A computing machine virus is a plan that, when executed, attempts to double itself. They by and large either infect the boot record of a disc or attach themselves to some sort of feasible file. In this mode they have ample chance to be e xecuted. The Melissa virus was a Microsoft Office Macro that was designed to distribute utilizing the names in the victims Outlook reference book. It would e-mail itself to the first 50 entries where one time opened by the receivers, it would get down the procedure over once more. The computing machine virus can do large losingss in productiveness from downed systems and corrupted informations. For the virus to double it tries to copy itself to a new location and in making so can do informations to be over written. In systems that are Unix based there isn T excessively much of a job with viruses. The design of the operating system doesn t give plans the freedom to roll every bit much as the Personal computer architecture does. On Windows based machines there should be a current virus scanner running, to assist maintain virus losingss to a lower limit. The scanner should besides be updated reasonably on a regular basis. By taking some preventive stairss in progress your system can be more dependable and less likely to give you jobs. Some aggressors have besides begun constructing their ain web packages to acquire by the firewalls. An Internet Protocol package can be designed to be beginning routed, which means the beginning gives the waies on how to acquire to the finish. By utilizing beginning routed packages some aggressors have been able to by base on balls a firewall. The bulk of firewall bundles have now accounted for this, so that if a package is beginning routed it will automatically be filtered. The best protection a system can hold is an cognizant system decision maker. The U.S. Department of Energy has an advisory called CIAC ( Computer Incident Advisory Capability ) . This consultative keeps path of freshly discovered package or constellation mistakes, which might let an unauthorised individual, to derive entree to your system. There is besides the CERT ( Computer Emergency Response Team ) which besides puts out advisories covering system security co ncerns. These advisories should be checked reasonably frequently. Besides look intoing the advisories a system decision maker should hold some type of logging set up on their system. Unix systems have this already built in and plus there is a plan called tripwire which gives some excess logging and checksum functionality. The logs show things such as failed login efforts and system mistakes. Tripwire is used besides to log port connexions and to forestall the interpolation of Trojans on to the system. Dardans are plans that look like they do one thing but really do something else, normally to derive entree to a system. Tripwire protects against this by making a byte by byte cheque of all the executables on the system. Even though your system is really unafraid and you check the logs daily there still needs to be physical controls put in topographic point. Physical Controls Physical controls are the last line of defence against an outside onslaught on the system. One of the most freq uently over looked physical controls is to merely put consoles in unafraid countries. Any computing machine terminus should be behind a locked door of some sort. Computers tend to be instead expensive and they tend to walk off by themselves if non within a secure environment. Not excessively reference that an unfastened terminus can give person an anon. point of entry into your system. One of the oldest and still the best physical control is the shredder. Hard transcript is to be shredded. All information that a corporation trades with is in paper signifier at one clip or another so why should one pass so much clip and money on security when they merely take the information and throw it in a Dumpster. In decision information is power and in this universe of databases and webs it is traveling to be of all time more of import to pay attending to the inside informations of how that information changes custodies. 325

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Question: Task 1 Using two of the four forms of control (Knights and Willmott, 2012) as a framework, use any of the material in Unit 2 to discuss the benefits and challenges of these methods of management. You should also explore the implications these managerial issues provoke in relation to your own practice as a manager or as an employee. Getting Tired of Never-Ending Assignments? Hire an Expert from MyAssignmenthelp and Get the Necessary Assignment Help at a Reasonable Rate. Task 2 Provide a reflective commentary on the implications of Tony Watsons article for both: Answer: Task 1 The organizational control is an indispensable part of the management system. According to Knights and Willmott, (2012) the management control is defined as the process through which the organization controls and influences the behavior and performance of the members of the organization so as to attain the objectives of the organization. Organization control is an important component in the management function which is responsible to ensure that the goals of organization are achieved and that there are no deviations in the standard performance and actual performance (Hannan, Polos and Carroll 2011). Organization control, according to Miller and Rice (2013) includes the processes that are designed to assure that the plan of the organization and the employees performance are according to the set objectives and are achieved with effective basis. The control process is not the end process rather at every level of the management function management controls is required. Managers monitor a nd evaluate the system, process and performances from time to time in all management in finance, operations, marketing, manufacturing, human resources management and serving customers (Kotler 2012). The control system is vital for all these functions to meet the standards and achieve objectives. There are various forms of organizational control and every organization adopts it own controlling methods. Here the essay discusses the four frameworks of organization control given by Knights and Willmott (2012) as direct supervision, bureaucratic procedures, cultural control and output and self regulation. These four frameworks of organizational control have their own relevance in the organization to control various functions and activities. These techniques not just controls the performances but have the motivational techniques to encourage the employees to meet the actual level and standards of performance (Griffin 2013). Here the discussion is on the two factors of organizational control- Bureaucratic Control and Cultural Control. Bureaucracy and Culture are the most important and major topics in organization and management and each of them plays a vital role in motivating, performing and controlling the employees and their actions (Hall and Gotz 2013). The organization control has always been a factor regulated not just by the management but by the employees self regulation, on the contrary, Knights and Willmott (2012) states that the organizational culture regulates the behavior of employees and provide them with the workplace which motivates the employees and help them to achieve their targets. The organization control function must consist of the control mix of bureaucratic control and cultural control and must be implementing by managers effectively (Daft 2012). This would help the organization to achieve an optimal mix of formal control with bureaucratic form and an informal control through cultural form. The performance management, motivation among staff and enhancing corporate culture requires the bure aucratic control in the organization with effective leadership (Miles 2012). The organizational control, bureaucratic control form in the present context in management refers to managing and controlling the performance and output of the employees through punishments and rewards so as to make sure that the employees work performance, output and conduct matches the standards and expectations of senior management to achieve the organizational objectives (Novikov 2013). Bureaucratic control was first introduced in the technical control during and post years of World War II and greatly increased its importance thereafter. Bureaucratic control and the other forms of control system differ in homogenous feature on the organization control that mixes within the structure of the organization itself. On the contrary, Robbins and Coulter (2012) states that the organization structure is dependent on the culture that the organization and its managers follow which refers to the set practices, norms and rules in professional life. According to Schermerhorn (2013) Culture is the form of controlling the employees behavior, sense of belonging and motivation towards performing in organization and providing the stability within the workplace. The main focus of the organization control is to make the employees meet the targets effectively, motivate and perform according to the standards of the organization (Sinnott 2013). The leaders of the company focus on developing the culture controls and the bureaucratic controls creating the social norms, sense of shared values, performance enhancements, punishments, rewards and appraisals within the organization (Burke 2013). Cultural controls include organizations mission statement that employees needs to keep in mind while working, the unwritten social norms, etiquettes, behavior, working ethics, rules and regulations including anti-discrimination policies, standards of conduct and non disclosure agreements, expected work schedules and lastly the deliberate role modeling where new staff is given training to understand and enhance skills and knowledge required at the workplace and career development of existing employees (Thygesen 2012). Hence these are the benefits for the employe es if the organization follows the right process and procedure for cultural and bureaucratic control. The organization structure on the other hand provides the backbone on which the organizations policies and work procedures are built (Simons 2013). The bureaucratic control in an organization thus helps the managers and individuals to build the system of standards in the organization through rules, regulations, methods of process and verifications (Swift 2013). This is the way of ensuring efficient operation in the organization through bureaucratic control. One of the drawbacks in bureaucratic control is, in case the implementation and procedure is not followed properly then there is a possibility of deviation of actual performance with the standard performance (Tracy 2013). The bureaucratic control fails to provide scope for face to face communication and to involve any informal and practical method of enforcing the compliance program. On the contrary the author Knights and Willmott (2012), refers that the bureaucratic control is a centralized form of control within the organization s administrative department where the rule for one individual is same as for the others also. It helps in establishing the hierarchies within the organization so as to communicate all the policies and procedures to all the employees (Ziviani, Poulsen and Cuskelly 2013). Hence, the organizational structure and culture go hand in hand to provide the staff with a workplace. A German Sociologist Max Weber proposed Bureaucratic management first, for promoting the virtue of birthright as alternative to system of monarchy (Hall and Gotz 2013). According to his definition the effective control through bureaucracy is by efficient knowledge. This was to promote the merits, appraisals, recognitions of staff in order to ensure maximum output through utilization of resources of most qualified rather than connected which refers to social norms, relationship building in the organization (Burke 2013). Bureaucratic form of control states the idea of fairness versus favoritism, which increases the efficiency of overall management ensuring accomplishment of the organizations objectives (Daft 2012). According to Miller and Rice (2013) it is the management culture within the organization to built the bureaucratic control that is significant to enhance practices in supervision and provide the logical rules, regulations and policies so that managers easily evaluate any dev iation of actual performance from standard performance. On the other hand Hatch and Cunliffe (2012) argues that these policies, set rules and procedures are effective when the organization follows cultural controls in the workplace and work ethically by obeying all the relevant regulations in management functions. The managers are motivated to work in an ethical and culturally sound organization where the organization makes it possible to sustain all the output and performance of its employees (Hannan, Polos and Carroll 2011). The bureaucratic structure serves the purpose of the organization only when the culture, stability and continuity exist in the organization. Bureaucratic control is regarded as the formal mode of control which measures the performance in relation to behaviors and outcomes (Simons 2013). The managers of the organization idealize the culture of the organization and enhance the cultural control and bureaucratic controls in the organization. The bureaucratic control results in motivation of employees as they know their targets and the ways to achieve them (Clegg 2013). The evaluation of performance by the managers depends on the formal exchange of the written documents and information like the performance reports and operating procedures (Hewison and Holden 2011). The manager in bureaucratic control of organization rewards and punishes in the form of bonuses, pay, incentives and promotions or demotions depending on the employees performance and output. Finally the relationships and roles in the organization between the employees are the subjects to bureaucratic control form in the organization. The model of organization control is of various concepts being it direct supervision, self regulation bureaucratic and cultural control, all includes the methods that focus on enhancing the performance of the employees and achieve the organizational goals. Thus, organization control is an important component in the management function which is responsible to ensure that the goals of organization are achieved and that there are no deviations in the standard performance and actual performance The concepts of cultural control and bureaucratic control are of great relevance for the organization and the managers to control the management functions with effectiveness with underlying rules, policies and procedures. The managers implementing these forms of control in the organization enhance the employees performance, motivate them to achieve the targets and guide them the ways of achieving goals with effectiveness. Task 2 In the article, Motivation: Thats Maslow isnt it? by Tony Watson in 1996 states the organization management theory of motivation, control culture and much more not said by the theorists but by the teachers, professors and the management students (WATSON 1996). The article refers to the reflection of the students and teachers perspectives and the experiment was carried on the business and management. Practically the management of an organization needs to adhere to the principles and theories of the motivation and manage peoples need so that they are motivated to perform for the organization (Hall and Gotz 2013). The knowledge imparted to the students in the university and management courses as per the author recorded to be built on the theoretical aspects of the study and the professors use tape recorders, assignments, text books and presentation for discussing the study materials (Ziviani, Poulsen and Cuskelly 2013). This mainly provoked for the discussion of the topic in the class a nd students are motivated to discuss with all relevant points. The main idea of the article was to know the motivational experiments done by the managers and the teachers in various stages to achieve the results (WATSON 1996). The motivation defined by the author is the main source or the need that helps the individuals to achieve what they want through various means, motivation is different for different people and so are their needs (Swift 2013). The relevance of all the theories theory X and theory Y or the Hierarchy Theory and Mintzberg theory are applied differently by different organizations at different situations (Ziviani, Poulsen and Cuskelly 2013). All the above theories were studied and the article suggested the motivation through the theory of Hierarchy given by Maslow as the different individuals have different level of needs which are mentioned in each level of hierarchy (Hall and Gotz 2013). The culture of the organization management helps the manager to develop and encourage the employees performance and effectiveness (Tracy 2013 ). The managers ensure that the employees get training, career development opportunities in the organization along with performance appraisals, bonus, incentives and promotions that benefits them and fulfill their needs (Hall and Gotz 2013). These are the applied motivational practices by the organizations in various ways that suits their business and the level of employees (WATSON 1996). The motivational learning as the student has been stated with the motivational needs of Physiology that includes the need for food, sleep, breathing and other basic needs, the second need of Safety including morality, family, health and needs of employment as with this need the further needs will get fulfilled when students may get motivated to earn their living (Hall and Gotz 2013). Lastly, the motivation of students for fulfilling their Social needs including belonging with family, friends and partners will make them realize their responsibility and help them to get motivated to achieve the other two needs of Self-esteem where student gets confidence of achieving their target and get placed in an organization, and get respect of others and respect others as well; and Self Actualization needs is achieved at long term set targets (Tracy 2013). The lowest four needs in Maslows Hierarchy theory are known as D-needs (Deficiency Needs) including Physiological, Safety, Social and Self Esteem of which the students aim to fulfill. References Bedford, D.S. and Malmi, T., 2015. Configurations of control: An exploratory analysis. Management Accounting Research, 27, pp.2-26. Burke, W.W., 2013. Organization change: Theory and practice. Sage Publications. Clegg, S., 2013. The Theory of Power and Organization (RLE: Organizations). Routledge. Daft, R., 2012. Organization theory and design. Cengage learning Griffin, R., 2013. Management. Australia: South-Western Cengage Learning. Hall, N. and Gotz, T., 2013. Emotion, motivation, and self-regulation. Bingley, UK: Emerald. Hannan, M., Polos, L. and Carroll, G., 2011. Logics of Organization Theory. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Hatch, M.J. and Cunliffe, A.L., 2012. Organization theory: modern, symbolic and postmodern perspectives. Oxford university press. Hewison, R. and Holden, J., 2011. The cultural leadership handbook. Surrey, England: Gower. Knights, D. and Willmott, H., 2012. Management and leadership. Knights, D. and Willmott, H., 2012. Organizational behaviour manag ement. Andover: Cengage Learning. Kotler, P., 2012. Marketing management. Harlow, England: Pearson. Miles, J., 2012. Management and organization theory. San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey-Bass. Miller, E.J. and Rice, A.K. eds., 2013. Systems of organization: The control of task and sentient boundaries. Routledge. Novikov, D., 2013. Control methodology. Hauppauge, New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Robbins, S. and Coulter, M., 2012. Management. Boston: Prentice Hall. Schermerhorn, J., 2013. Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Simons, R., 2013. Levers of control: How managers use innovative control systems to drive strategic renewal. Harvard Business Press. Sinnott, J., 2013. Positive psychology. New York, NY: Springer. Swift., 2013. Motivation. Milwaukee, WI.: R.H. Publishing. Thygesen, N., 2012. The illusion of management control. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Tracy, B., 2013. Motivation. New York: AMACOM, American Management Association. WATSON, T.J., 1996. Motivation: that's Maslow, isn't it?. Management Learning, 27, p.447. Ziviani, J., Poulsen, A. and Cuskelly, M., 2013. The art and science of motivation. London: Jessica Kingsley.